Decorative and applied arts
Decorative art (from the Latin. Decoro “decorating”) – a section of art, which includes a fairly large number of industries, it is one of the most important areas of folk art and is closely related to design. Decorative – applied art is a field of decorative art, which studies the creation of artistic works used in everyday life and artistic processing of products. His works can be: various utensils, furniture, fabrics, tools, vehicles, as well as clothing and various decorations.
Decorative art can be divided into monumental – decorative art (creation of architectural decor, paintings, reliefs, statues, stained glass windows, mosaics, as well as park sculpture), decorative – applied and design art (design exhibitions of museums, shop windows, etc.) . You can also divide the decorative art by the material used (metal, ceramics, textiles, wood) or by the technique of execution (carving, painting, embroidery, printing, casting, chasing, inlay, intarsia, embossing, mobile, notching, forging, filigree, etc. d.)
This kind of art solves both practical and artistic tasks, therefore its works can belong to both spiritual and material values. Since decor items are closely related to human life, they literally absorb all the culture and characteristics of a particular era, ethnic group, or any association. Therefore, it is possible to clearly trace the development of this art, the formation, evolution and change of artistic styles in the decorative objects of different times.
Very often in the decorative and applied art, the beauty of the material, the ratio of proportions and rhythm are the only means of embodying the ideological concept of the product. Also, as artistic means, form, color, scale, silhouette, symmetry, texture are used. Thanks to these means, the decor can influence the texture and the object and even change its shape. Very often, these changes change the subject in a better way, and sometimes turn it simply into a masterpiece.
Arts and craftsArt of fine arts and ornament serve not only to create a decor, but sometimes they also penetrate into the shape of the object. Sometimes an ornament or image becomes the basis for shaping a product, for example, a grid pattern, lace. The need to reconcile the decor with the form, the image with the scale and character of the product, with its practical and artistic purpose leads to the transformation of graphic motifs, to the conventionality of interpretation and comparison of the elements of nature.
In the unity of the artistic and utilitarian functions of the product, in the interpenetration of the form and decor, the visual and tectonic principles, the synthetic nature of decorative and applied art is manifested. His works are designed for perception and vision, and touch. Therefore, revealing the beauty of the texture and plastic properties of the material, the skill and diversity of its processing techniques in decorative and applied art receive the value of particularly active means of aesthetic impact.
Recently, the products of masters of art crafts and works of artists – applied artists become more significant and in this regard, their works are becoming less and less suitable for permanent use, and more and more exhibition, souvenir.
